Chapter 18 (extract 2) of "Roses for English Gardens" by Jekyll and Mawley (1902), in which Mr Mawley lists those classes of rose that require close pruning while noting special considerations for particular rose types.
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Illustration: Standard rose pruned and unpruned.
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Roses which require to be more or less closely pruned.—Under this heading is included at least three-fourths of the Roses most frequently grown in gardens at the present time as dwarf plants. All the weak and moderate - growing varieties must be pruned hard each year, and also all plants, with few exceptions, intended for the production of extra large flowers. But those Roses which have been planted for the decoration of the garden, or for the production of cut flowers, need not be so -severely dealt with, while those planted as Rose bushes will require comparatively light pruning.
Hybrid Perpetuals.—The first year after planting all the dead, sappy and weakly shoots should be cut clean out, and those remaining left from three to six inches in length, whatever the variety may be. This hard pruning is necessary the first spring, but in the following years it need not be so severe. The dead, sappy, weakly and worn-out shoots should, as before, be cut clean out, also some of the older ones and any others where they are too crowded, more particularly those in the centre of the plant. The object kept in view should be an even distribution of the shoots allowed to remain over the entire plant, except in the centre, which should be kept fairly open to admit light and air. In pruning, the shoots may be left from three inches to one foot in length, according to the condition of the wood, the strength of the plant, and the object for which the blooms are required. Provided that the frosts of the previous winter months will allow, that the plants are sufficiently strong, and that the shoots are not permitted to become in any way crowded, the upper shoots may be as much as three feet above the ground. In this way good-sized bushes may in a few years be obtained, which will form handsome objects in the garden and yield a large number of good flowers.
By similar treatment the more vigorous varieties in this and other sections may be induced to become pillar Roses, or even to climb some distance up a wall. It is the want of hardiness in many of the Roses of the present day, that are usually grown as dwarf plants, which alone stands in the way of their suitability for the formation of handsome bushes or for their employment as climbers and pillar Roses.
Hybrid Teas.—The pruning of the Hybrid Teas should be carried out on similar lines to those recommended for the Hybrid Perpetuals, only it should be less severe. Indeed, in the case of varieties like La France, which are of sufficiently strong growth to allow of this being done, better results are obtained by moderate thinning out, and rather light pruning, as is recommended in the case of the Hybrid Perpetuals, where good-sized bushes are required.
Teas and Noisettes.—Owing to the tender character of their shoots, it is only after a mild winter that the pruner has much choice in the method of pruning.
In any case, all the decayed, weak, and sappy shoots should be cut clean out, and where there are enough sound shoots left they should be shortened back one half their length.
Bourbons.—The Bourbons should be pruned in the same way as advised for the strong-growing varieties of the Hybrid Perpetuals and Hybrid Teas.
Provence, Moss, and China.—These hardy Roses should be well thinned out, to prevent their growths becoming crowded, and the remaining shoots shortened one-half their length.
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Rose pruning - general remarks; varieties requiring little pruning (climbers etc.)
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